Method of making molds for founding



E. O. BEARDSLEY AND W.. F. PIPER.

METHOD 0F MAKmG M0108 F011 FOUNDING.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. 29, I9I9. 1,309,885. 11111111111 .1 1y 15, 1919.

3 SHEE'IS-SHEET I.

E. 0. BEAHDSLEY AND VV. F. PIPER.

METHOD OF MAKiNG MOLDS FOR FOUNDING.

APPLICATIOIJ FkLED JAN. 29. 1919.

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E. 0. BEARDSLEY AND W. F. PIPER.

METHOD or MAKlNG Moms Foa FouNmNG.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-29,19I9.

lutmltvd July 15, 1919.

3 SHEETS -SHEEF 3.

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35 b v projected wads of sand.

` we have discovered that by imparting an` un eraan@ rara ELMER 0. BEARDSLEY, OF CHICAGO, AND WALTER F. PIPER, F OAK PARK, ILLINOIS.

METHOD 0F MAKING MOLDS FOR FOUNDING. l

TQ all lwhom it may concern:

Be itknown that we, ELMER O. BEARDs- LEY and IVALTER F. PIPER, both citizenslof the United States, and residents of Chicago,

in the county of Cook and State of Illinois,

and Oak Park, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, respectively, have invented certain new Vand useful Improvements in Methods of Making Molds for Founding,

of which the following is a full, clear, and

exact description. .I

`The invention relates to making molds for founding.

It has heretofore been proposed to yram llmoldsv by dropping sand from a high eleto rapidly produce good and satisfactory,

molds. In the ravity methods proposed, the desired density of the mold could not, bev practically attained and in machines where the sand was projected, the sand was not fed with the regularity and velocity that would result in the rapid production of good molds. For these reasons, so far as we are aware, machines of this character for making sand molds for founding have not gone into general use.

' The object of the present invention isto provide an improved method of' making molds which will rapidly pack a mold uniformly I'and with great ease and facility In practice,

exceptionaly high velocity or in excess of approximately 4,000 feet per 'minute, to wads of compacted 'sand and projecting them directly into the mold, and. successfully keeping the ramming head supplied with sand to uniformly produce wads, the mold will be of uniform density andquality and vit becomes possible for one operator and machine to make, 1n some instances,

molds eight times as fast as can be done by hand.

The invention consists in the novel method hereinafter set forth and more particularly defined by claims at the conclusion hereof.

In the drawings, which 4exemplify an apparatus for practising` the improved method, Figurel is a side elevation of molding apparatus embodyin the invention. Fig. 2

is a plan. Fig. 3 isa vertical longitudinal Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led January 29, 1919.

Patented July 15, '1919.

Serial No. 273,863.

section. Fig. 3a is asection taken on line 3--3a of Fig. 3. Fig. 3b is a detail of the upper conveyer and riddle operating mechanism. Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 4--4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a plan of the ramming head. Fig. 6 is al vertical axial section of the ramming head. Fig. 7 is a perspective of the rotor. Fig. 8'is a section taken on line 8-8 of Fig. 6. Fig. 9 is a section through the protective housing taken on line 9-9 of Fig. 8.

The apparatus adapted for practising the" improved method comprises a mast 10 which is provided at its upper end with a post 11 on Whlch 1s journaled, for horizontal rotation, a tubular jib 12 which has a socket 13 around the post 11. Anti-frietion bearings 13. are provided to permit free and easy lateral movement of the jib. An arm 14 is pivoted to the distal end of the jib so that it and the ramming head sustained thereby can be swung horizontally, relatively to the jib. The pivotal connection between the arm and the jib consists of a hollow bracket 15 and a post 16 which is fixed to the jib 12 and mounted in anti-friction bearings 17 in said bracket. The body or casing 20 of an electric motor 21 is bolted, as at 22, to one side of the bracket 15, and arm 14 comprises a hollow sleeve 23 which is bolted to one side of the motor casing 20 and supports the ramming head and serves also as an inclosure tor the shaft 24 between the electric motor 21 and the rotor of the ramming head. This shaft is mounted in a bearing 25 in the outer end of the sleeve 23 and 4serves as a bearing for the outer end of said shaft. The rotor for the sand for filling the flasksis xed to 'the outer end .of shaft 24. f

A yoke comprising a hub 28 Which isv iixedand clamped, as at 27, to thesleeve 23, and arms 28 Whichhave outwardly extending members 29 supports the casing or stator ofthe ramming head. This casing comprises an arcuate wall 30 and an outer side Wall 31.

This casing lis secured to the yoke by boltand-slot connections 32 and set-screws 33 which are threadedto lugs 34.

A conveyer chute '-37 containing a suitable sieve or riddle 38 is supported from the jib 12 by resilient bars 39 which have their ends respectively secured to the jib and to the chute. The inner end of chute 37 is adapt-- ed to receive sand from a suitable source of supply, such as a hopper to which sand will be fed in any desired manner. The outer end of chute 37 discharges into the upper open end of an inclined chute 35 which is iXedly mounted on the arm 14, and is supported 4by bars 36 so that the relation between the arm, chute 35 and the ramming head remains fixed. rlhe upper end of the chute 35 and the outer end of the chute 37 are disposed adjacent the yaxis about which the arm 14 swings, so that the relative movement of the chutes will maintain the discharge into the chute 35. The chute 37 and the riddle therein are vibrated by a pitman 41 which is pivoted to chute 37 and is operatively connected to an eccentric or wrist-pin 42 on a shaft 43 which is journaled lin a bracket fixed to the upper end of the continuously by gravity. This construction of the rotor.

exemplifies mechanism for feeding sand to the ramming head in which the chute on the outer 'arm is rigid therewith, so that no shaking mechanism for said chute is necessar ll-,he chute 35, as more clearly' seen in Figs. 6 and 8, discharges into the open side of the ramming head. The ycentrifugal force has a tendency to suck the sand into the ramming head instead of spattering it outwardly by centrifugalforce, as voccurs when the sand is delivered to the periphery The rotor is adapted to receive the sand at the open side of the head and to project it downwardly into the mold. The rotor comprises a hub 50 and a cylindrical body 51, integral with thehub and secured to shaft 24, an inclined guide-flange 52 which is liared inwardly from the periphery of the inner side of the cylindrical body 5l and directs the sand onto the body 51. The guide-flange52 is' formed as a ring and is bolted to said body, as at 53. A curved outwardly extending bed 54 integral with the rotor-body, is adapted to support the projector blade 55. Said blade isl curved -to fit the bed 54 and is provided with an inner side wall 56 which has a curved edge 57 and is adapted to function as a positive cut-olf for the sand, so that-as the rotorl is revolving, `the Wall 56 will shear a portion of theA sand issuing from the lower end of the chute from the sand in the chute. The rotor is counterweighted, as at 58,` to balance the Lacasse the wad of sand which has been separated from the supply inthe chute 35 to wedge and impact itself in the corner between the outer end ofthe plate and arcuate wall 30 of the casing, as shown in Fig. 8, so that before the wad reaches the point of discharge,at 60, it Will have been densified and packed into a proper mass for projection into the mold. This construction of ramming head is peculiarly adapted for high speed operation, such as has been found necessary to form good molds.

A protective housing 61, which is out of con-tact with the rotor, isl suspended from the extensions 29 of the supporting yoke. It is desirable to have the head as open as possible to avoid atmospheric resistance to the high speed rotor and to -have as short and rapid an operative stroke ofthe rammer blade as' possible, since otherwise excessive power would be necessary to operate the rotor. For this purpose, the inner side of the stator is open and the` wall 30 of the stator or casing begins at a. point which is reached by the projector-iblade shortly before it reaches the incoming sand stream f rom chute 35 and terminates at60, where the wad will be discharged truly downward into the mold. The wall 64 of the protective housing is disposed in olf-set relation with respect to the discharge point 60. A three-sided wear-plate 65 is secured inthe housing. A handle 71 is secured to the ramming head, whereby the operator can easily' move the head laterally to distribute the projected `'sand to all portions 0f the molld. In the practice of the improved method, the mold-material or sand is delivered into the chute above the jib and thence into the feed-chute 35 so that the sand will bedelivered into the s'ide of the stator or to one side of the rotor in' a substantially continuous stream, the rot-or blade serving to shear off predetermined or regular quantities and Iforming them into wads. The Inotor 67 is driven at approximately 1140 revolutions per minute and usually has, when making molds for gray-iron, a radial distance between the axis of the rotor and the'arcuate wall of the stator of about seven inches. In, making such molds, the sand may be fed to the rotor at the rate of seven cubic feet per minute. The wadsof sand will be projected into the mold at the rate of approximately 4000 feet per minute and in rapid succession, corresponding to the number of revolutions'-per minute of the motor and rotor. This high speed of rotation will cause thel wads to be compacted inl transit through the ramming head by centrifugal force andthe action of the blade before they are projected into the flask. The operator, grasping the handle 71, Will move the head over the mold to distribute the Wads and evenly form all portions of the mold. The sand is projected in a constant vertical direction and as a result the previously deposited .Wads are not materially disturbed by the incoming Wads and, therefore, the mold material is evenly densified in the mold.

In making molds for steel castings, appa ratus is used which is adapted to impart movement to the Wads of sand in the ramlming head at a speed ranging from 7000 to 8000 feet per minute; the rotor is operated at a speed ranging approximately from 1600 to 1800 revolutions per minute and the sand is supplied to the head at the rate of approximately ten cubic feet per minute. When the Wads of sand are projected into the flask at this high rate of speed, the molds will be adapted for steel castings.

The present method makes it possible to fill flasks and make molds very rapidly and economically.

The improved method., by reason of the high speed of projection and delivery of Wads of mold-material, has been founc, in practice, to produce molds Which are superior to, and more regular than, molds formed by hand, besides producing them with greater rapidity and at a lower cost for labor.

Another characteristic of the improved method is the uniform quality of the molds resulting from the high speed projection of the sand, and this lessens spoilage of castings due to defective filling of the. molds.

A characteristic of the present' method is that the sand is delivered into one side of the ramming head and the rotor shears a sufficient quantity to form a Wad from the stream moving laterally into the head and this is conductive to supplying the sand to the A Arotor in sufficient volume to cause the Wade to be rapidly and regularly projected into the flasks.

.The invention is not to -be understood as restricted to the precise details of practice set forth, since these may be modified Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what we claim as neviT and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. That improvement in making molds which consists in rojecting Wads of mold material into a flasli at a velocity of not less than approximately 4000 feet per minute to form a mold..

2. That improvement in making molds which consists in projecting compacted Wads of mold-material into a flask at a velocity of approximately not less than 4000 feet per minute to form a mold.

3. vT hat improvement in making molds Which consists in shearing Wads transversely from a stream of mold-material to form Wads and projecting them at a high velocity into a flask to form a mold.

4. That j improvement in making molds which consists in shearing Wads transversely from a stream of mold-material to form Wads by centrifugal force, compacting the Wads, and projecting them at a high velocity into a flask to form a mold.

, 5. rlihat improvement in making molds which consists in shearing. vvads of moldmaterial from a substantially continuous stream of mold material, and projecting the Wads at a high velocityand in rapid succession into a flask to form a mold.

6. That improvement in making molds which consists in feeding mold-material in a substantially continuous stream to a ramming head at the rate of approximately seven cubic'feet or over per minute and projecting wads of sand at a high velocity and in rapid succession into a flask to form a mold.

7. That improvement .in making molds which consists in feeding mold-material in a stream to a ramming head at the rate of approximately seven cubic feet or over per mmute and rotating the Wads at a high velocity of. approximately 4000 feet or over per minute and projecting the Wads of the mold-material into a flask to form a mold.

8. That improvement in making molds which consists in delivering mold material to one side of a rotary projector in a direction transverse to the plane of its rotation, shearing regular quantities from the material and projecting the Wads at high velocity into a flask.

9. That improvement in making molds which consist-s in delivering mold material to a rotary projector and discharging Wads of mold material into a mold at high velocity and moving the projector laterally to distribute the Wads throughout the mold and maintaining a constant angle of delivery. 

